TP53 and lung carcinoma: 8-OHdG–mediated gene mutations have been reported for K-Ras and p53 [14, 15], where a disproportionately high rate of missense mutations are seen in guanine transversions/transitions in p53 at codons 175/248/273 [15] and in K-Ras at codon 12, particularly in lung cancer associated with tobacco smoking [15].