HNRNPD and infection: Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D (HNRNPD), epsin 2 (EPN2), and tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1), among others, showed reduced protein levels when cotransfected with CTSW compared to their levels in the green fluorescent protein (GFP) control, regardless of infection (Fig. 2E and Fig. S1).