However, TLR4 can also be overexpressed in chronic inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), whereby people with ulcerative colitis (UC) have a 2.3-fold increase (P = 0.02) and people with Crohn’s disease (CD) have a 1.7-fold increase (P = 0.04), compared to people who have normal colonic mucosal tissue [13]. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.