The mechanisms of AHR affecting CKD are thought to be related to the crosstalk between AHR signal and rennin angiotensin aldosterone system, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) pathway, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway (Curran and Kopp, 2022). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and chronic kidney disease.