Other genetic models include overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β or IL-6 in transgenic mice (Liu et al., 2017; Ashok et al., 2019), and the Aire-deficient mouse model, in which knockout of the important immune regulator Aire led to development of chronic prostatitis (Hou et al., 2009). Here, IL1B is linked to prostatitis.