Moreover, Boucher (2011) demonstrated that the mechanism of action of Vit D in T2DM is not only through the regulation of calcium trafficking in pancreatic β-cells, which regulate insulin synthesis, secretion, and sensitivity, but also by direct action on pancreatic β-cell function mediated by the binding of the active form of 1,25(OH)2D to its receptor (VDR), which is expressed in pancreatic β-cells. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.