It has been shown that B. stercoris isolated from the feces of T2DM patients combined with a high-fat diet can significantly increase body weight, blood glucose, and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interleukin 6 [IL-6], and MCP-1) in mice, whereas the precise mechanism is not clear yet (45). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus.