This is supported by the fact that until recently talin has not had any gene-disease associations, although reports of disease-causing mutation in the TLN1 gene have emerged, which challenge this picture, including a number of cardiovascular disease-associated mutations in the TLN1 gene; spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) (32) and thoracic aortic aneurysm (33). This evidence concerns the gene TLN1 and cardiovascular disorder.