MMP9 and aneurysm: Lai et al. found that in a rat aneurysm model, injection of the rats with APC-siRNA further activated the NF-κB signaling pathway and upregulated expression of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 MMP-2, and MMP-9, as well as enhanced the levels of p65 phosphorylation [8].