HSP90B1 and cancer: In addition, other UPR-associated proteins, such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP 78) and molecular chaperone heat shock protein (HSP) GRP94, and ER stress signaling proteins, such as the phosphorylation of inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α), have been reported to be upregulated in various cancers and participated in the regulation of glycolysis, the microenvironment, and immune evasion of cancers (16, 20, 21).