RARRES1 and neoplasm: In contrast, genes up-regulated in RT tumor cells were associated with negative regulation of cell population proliferation (RARRES1, NDRG2, SPINT2), epithelial cell differentiation (KRT7, KRT8, KRT14, KRT15, KRT19), muscle structure (MYLK, TAGLN), leukocyte mediated immunity (GRN, CD74, SLPI) and cell apoptosis (HSPA1B, HSPA1A, LAMP1) (Figures 3J, L), demonstrating that tumor cells turned into a less proliferated state and displaying a potentially more mature structure after treatment, consistent with the shift of tumor subpopulations.