A meta-analysis of phase 2 and 3 clinical trials showed only two cases of active TB among 6,581 participants receiving ustekinumab, with a significantly lower rate (0.02 per 100 person-years) compared to that of two representative TNF inhibitors infliximab and golimumab (0.28 per 100 person-years) (Loftus et al., 2017). Here, TNF is linked to tuberculosis.