In addition to this, a study has demonstrated that VDR expression was reduced when a mouse insulinoma cell line (MIN6) was cultured in a high-glucose environment, and subsequent treatment with vitamin D3 improved insulin to the levels seen in normal functional islets in addition to increase in VDR activity as well as prevented the pathological dedifferentiation of β-cells [88]. This evidence concerns the gene VDR and pancreatic insulinoma.