PTEN and myocardial infarction: Additionally, AS-IV can exert angiogenic and cardioprotective effects on the myocardium following myocardial infarction by activating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and modulating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway to alleviate the I/R effects caused by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in rat hearts [39].