INS and systemic lupus erythematosus: Thepresence of insulin increased total lactate production by 1.7-fold in the S(P<0.003), 1.4-fold in the E (P<0.041), 1.8-fold in the SLS (P<0.0005), and1.5-fold in the SLE (P<0.027 SLE+I vs SLE-I) groups.