In conclusion, we identified ADAMTSL4, COL6A1, CTSL, CYTH4, EGFLAM, LILRB2, MPZL2, SAA2, and LSP1 as candidate tumor antigens for mRNA vaccine development for GBM and established four robust GBM immune subtypes to identify the potential subjects for different immunotherapies. Here, LSP1 is linked to glioblastoma.