ZCCHC4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: To confirm the roles of ZCCHC4 in HCC in vivo, HepG2 cells stably overexpressing ZCCHC4 (ZCCHC4 OE cells) were constructed using lentivirus (Fig. 3a), and overexpression efficiency was validated in tumor xenografts of nude mice (Supplementary Fig. S7a).