NFKB1 and ductal breast carcinoma in situ: Since we also correlated our C3Tag DCIS cancer cell gene signature to human basal-like DCIS and found that the NFKB gene signatures were significantly high in basal-like DCIS in 2/3 of our human sets, the NFKB pathway activation in the DCIS disease state may play an important role disease progression; additional complex experiments would be needed to definitively demonstrate this hypothesis, although as discussed above, there already exists data in human DCIS implicating the NKFB pathway as being important42,56,57,59.