It has been reported that cultured Pkd1-deficient cells express elevated levels of macrophage chemoattractants, including Mcp1 and Cxcl16 (Figure 2), and both of these factors are able to stimulate macrophage migration, suggesting that they may contribute to the recruitment of macrophages to cystic kidneys (Karihaloo et al., 2011). Here, PKD1 is linked to Renal cyst.