SERPINE1 and central nervous system cancer: Fiallos and colleagues revealed that long-term HCMV infection promotes cell proliferation in glioma stem-like cells (GSC) (110).Moreover, cmvIL-10 facilitates cell migration and invasion via upregulation of both urokinase plasminogen receptor (uPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), which can stimulate MMP-3 activity in MDA-MB-231 cells (111).