HSD17B4 has been reported to play an important role in the catalyzing β oxidation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) (Violante et al., 2019), and mutations in this gene can cause progressive cerebral atrophy in clinical cases (Amor et al., 2016; Landau et al., 2020). The gene discussed is HSD17B4; the disease is Cerebral atrophy.