KRAS and neoplasm: In addition, active NF-κB in tumours with wild type Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Virus (KRAS) and KRAS mutations increased the activity of NF-κB signalling in patients with KRAS mutations, and patients exhibited a lower survival and weaker response to first-line treatment compared to other cases (Lin et al., 2012a; Lin et al., 2012b).