In NPC, aberrant activation of NF-κB pathway, which may result from the inactivating mutations of NF-κB–negative regulators such as NFKBIA, CYLD, and TNFAIP3 (Zheng et al., 2016; Li et al., 2017), was universally observed and it is believed to be closely related to the infection of EBV (Lo et al., 2006; de Oliveira et al., 2010; Lin W et al., 2018; Tay et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and infection.