Intriguingly, knocking down only one single RNA-binding protein, polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (Ptbp1), which has been reported to induce the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into neurons in vitro previously (Xue et al., 2013), can perform a robust conversion of astrocytes into functional dopaminergic neurons to alleviate motor defects in a Parkinson’s disease mouse model by CRISPR system CasRx (Zhou et al., 2020) or antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) (Qian et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene PTBP1 and Parkinson disease.