GUCY2C and familial pancreatic carcinoma: As with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, prominent upregulation of GC-C (due to bile acid exposure) has been reported in Barret’s metaplasia and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, where it is thought to have a pro-tumorigenic effect by initiating lineage-addicted tumorigenesis via chronic suppression of the EGFR/AKT axis (181, 182).