It is reported that after exposure to tumor cell-conditioned medium (CM), bone marrow derived MSCs (BMSCs) acquired a myofibroblast phenotype, which characterized by increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin, fibroblast surface protein, vimentin and stromal-derived factor 1, thereby promoting the growth of tumor cells (Mishra et al., 2008). The gene discussed is VIM; the disease is neoplasm.