Aside from that, recent data suggested that PD-L1 also directly promoted cancer progression, and researchers found that upregulation of PD-L1 promoted cancer cell proliferation [25], cancer stem cell (CSC) properties [26], invasion [26] and migration [27], and silencing of PD-L1 triggered apoptotic cell death in CRC [28]. Here, CD274 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.