INS and hyperinsulinism: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study assessing in individuals with T2DM and metabolic syndrome insulin-stimulated myocardial and whole-body glucose metabolism using cardiac dynamic PET in combination with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique, considered the gold standard technique because it allows the valuation of myocardial glucose uptake under uniform experimental conditions of euglycemia and physiological hyperinsulinemia thus removing the confounding factor of different circulating glucose and insulin levels (8, 14, 30).