DYNC2H1 and congenital hypothalamic hamartoma syndrome: We found that cilium-related genes possessed both higher expression and genome amplification in cells from the more highly differentiated subclone 1 compared to subclone 2, suggesting a correlation between CNV amplification and genes associated with more differentiated cell states; for example, the expression level of the cilium-related gene DYNC2H1, which has been implicated in the formation of hypothalamic hamartoma (28), was both upregulated and amplified in chromosome 11 of subclone 1 (Figures 2D–F).