NLRP3 and infection: Aral et al. (57) showed that P. gingivalis exposure of human gingival fibroblasts along with ATP led to the downregulation of ASC and NLRP3 while upregulating IL-1, whereas, in contrast, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.nucleatum) infection was marked by increased levels of NLRP3, ASC, and IL-1B.