In addition to cytokines which signal through the JAK-STAT pathway, initiation and development of inflammation driven cancers can also be driven by the master proinflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), an important regulator of the immune response in both the steady state and in disease processes and a critical mediator of carcinogenesis, as regulator of cellular proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis of a multitude of cancers (85, 86). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cancer.