VEGFA and hepatocellular carcinoma: Thyroid hormones additionally upregulate angiogenesis-related factors, such as Ang and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and stimulate VEGF signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-MSCs via alpha(V)beta(3) integrin (avb3), which promotes tumor angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro [203].