LAPTM5 and neoplasm: However, unlike in the Jon_Renal_Cancer dataset30, we detected even higher LAPTM5 levels in the lung metastases tissues than primary tumor tissues in patients with lung metastases (Supplementary Fig. 9e); besides, LAPTM5 level was increased after TGF-β treatment54, therefore, whether the lung indigenous TGF-β-rich environmental causes the upregulation of LAPTM5 remains to be confirmed.