LAPTM5 and renal cell carcinoma: To explore the potential mechanism by which LAPTM5 regulates the CSC traits and mediates lung-specific metastasis, we first performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for two major pathological types of RCC: clear-cell RCC (KIRC, 537 samples) and papillary RCC (KIRP, 291 samples).