Patients with a poor TB treatment outcome responded to TB treatment at the level of individual genes, as detected by downregulation of genes (GBP1, GBP2, GBP5, IFITM3) that have been associated with active TB and upregulation of genes (CD3E, PTPRCv1, NLRP1, GNLY, PRF1, BCL2) that show lower expression in patients with active TB compared to LTBI or healthy controls.15 The gene discussed is IFITM3; the disease is tuberculosis.