Due to CSCs pivotal role in cancer progression and recurrence, we focused our attention on CNAs differentially represented between GDC data and our isolated CSCs, identifying genes with a CN gain or loss preferentially in this subpopulation (ATE1, FGF3, KRAS, ZNF706 and CDKAL1, LRP1B, PTCH2, RAF1, TMPRSS2, TSC1, TSHZ3 respectively, Fig. 2A, B). This evidence concerns the gene RAF1 and cancer.