However, since the potential targets of the miR-132-3p are vast and miR-132-3p-mediated signaling pathways are complex under VD condition, our results on the mechanism of miR-132-3p through RASA1/Ras/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway did not to exclude the possibility of its other target of miR-132-3p, such as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (HNRNPU) [49], histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) [50], and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MEKK3) [51], which may also participate in the enhancement of neuroprotective effect and synaptic plasticity of miR-132-3p-enriched MSC EX. Here, MAP2K3 is linked to sexually transmitted disease.