ATF2 and colorectal carcinoma: To identify the gene signature associated with ATF2 loss, we depleted ATF2 in the two heterogeneous CRC cell lines HCT116 and HT29 (Supplementary Table 3) [16–18] using CRISPR/Cas9, resulting in two ATF2-knockout (KO) clones per cell line (HCT116: F9, E5; HT29: B5, F10) (Fig. 2A, Supplementary Fig. 2A–C).