TNF and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Pro-inflammatory cytokines induced glycosylation alterations have been reported in many studies, IL-8 induces sLeA expression in human pancreatic cancer cells (53), TNF-α stimulation prominently increases sLeA reactivity in gastric adenocarcinoma cells while IL-1β results in mild enhancement of sLeA and LeX but does not reach significance (54).