Treatment of nude mice bearing tumors using anti-CXCL7 antibodies may inhibit tumor growth in three ways (Grépin et al., 2014): i) it decreases the activity of ERK and AKT signaling pathways; ii) it decreases the number of Ki-67-labeled tumor cells and increases the number of necrotic regions; iii) it decreases carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA IX) expression and the hypoxic regions associated with the induction of invasive cell production, which results in the inhibition of tumor growth of ccRCC. Here, AKT1 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.