Analyses of tumor-infiltrating immune cells revealed that the number of CD8+ T cells and their cytolytic activity, manifested as increased granzyme B expression and decreased PD-1 expression, was strongly increased in Ubr5-/- tumors, which were subsequently reversed following the rescue of Pdl1 or Ubr5 expression (Figure S2, Figure 2F). This evidence concerns the gene UBR5 and neoplasm.