In concordance with previous studies which investigate the ARG solely in prostate cancer, genes including NRP1 (Tse et al. 2017), JAG2 (Kwon et al. 2016), COL5A2 (Ren et al. 2021), POSTN (Cattrini et al. 2018), FSTL1 (Zhao et al. 2019), PF4 (Baselga et al. 2008), JAG1 (Terada et al. 2014), COL3A1 (Angel et al. 2020), VCAN (Asano et al. 2017), VEGFA (Zhan et al. 2013), SPP1 (Pang et al. 2019), VTN (Niu et al. 2016), and S100A4 (Ganaie et al. 2020) were identified as unfavorable prognosis-related biomarkers in prostate cancer. Here, SPP1 is linked to prostate cancer.