Interestingly, sustained decreases in pMEK, total ERK, and BRAF were not observed following combination drug treatment; however, there was a significant reduction in pERK as well as significant upregulation of neurofibromin 1 (NF1), a tumor suppressor that reduces Ras activity and thus MAPK signaling (Fig. 8j–n). The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is neoplasm.