Moreover, Beta-Galactoside-Alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase 4 (ST3GAL4) is the primary sialyltransferase regulating the synthesis of sLex epitopes in human myeloid leukocytes (33), the expression of which, together with the expression of 6-sulfo sLex, has been shown to be increased by TNFα in chronic lung disease. Here, ST3GAL4 is linked to chronic lung disease.