IL4 and viral infectious disease: This included enhanced levels of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-gamma, and IL-13 in supernatants of SEA-stimulated cell suspensions from either or both of spleen and mesLNs (Figure 1G), and indicates not only a degree of maternal immune activation (MIA) previously described for maternal cytokine alterations following viral infection (or its mimicry) during pregnancy (26), but a persistence of altered cellular functionality many weeks after treatment.