In the present study, we showed for the first time that the PAX8-PPARγ protein tyrosine phosphatase expression was significantly higher in thyroid cancer cell lines and thyroid cancer tissues relative to the normal thyroid cell lines and normal and paraneoplastic thyroid tissues, and this high expression of PAX8-PPARγ may be involved in the development of thyroid cancer and is closely associated with patient prognosis, TNM staging, as well as lymph node metastasis (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene PAX8 and thyroid gland carcinoma.