CTF1 and neurodegenerative disease: Neuroregulatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), cardiotrophin-1 and cardiotrophin-2 (CT-1 and CT-2), oncostatin-M and neuropoietin are useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and trauma (Unsicker, 2013).