MiRNA-143-5p contained in BMM-sEVs induced by a high-fat diet directly targets the mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-5 (Mkp5) mRNA, a negative regulator of insulin resistance, after being transferred to liver cells, and significantly inhibits its expression, thus regulating the insulin signaling pathway and promoting insulin resistance in liver cells. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.