RhoA is dysregulated in brains from human AD patients and mice models (Petratos et al., 2008; Huesa et al., 2010) and inhibition of the RhoA effector ROCK-I promotes survival of dopaminergic neurons and also attenuates axonal loss in a PD mouse model (Tonges et al., 2012). The gene discussed is RHOA; the disease is Parkinson disease.