For example, despite the efficacy of inhibitors of programmed cell death protein 1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and PD-L1 (atezolizumab and durvalumab) in the treatment of melanoma and other solid tumors, physicians have observed resistance and relapse in other cancer patients with PD-L1 expression in malignant cells (75, 76). Here, CD274 is linked to melanoma.