KRAS and cancer: Consistent with previous findings, gene ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the upregulated genes in Group 1 cancers were enriched in cell cycle and spermatogenesis (Fig. 4A–C, Additional file 7: Fig. S7A), while the downregulated genes were enriched in cytochrome P450 (metabolism of drug/xenobiotics), hormone metabolic process, downregulation of KRAS signaling and estrogen response (Fig. 4D–F, Additional file 7: Fig. S7B).